HPS121 and HPY713 Psychology B: Individual and Social Development

Results Instructions and Template (T2 2021)

Research question and hypotheses

Your research question for this study was: What is the relationship between mental health, specifically symptoms of depression, stress, and anxiety, and prosocial behaviours?  From this research question, you had to generate three hypotheses (i.e., testable predictions) pertaining to the direction (positive/negative) of relationships between the prosocial behaviours and mental health symptoms. Remember, there is no right or wrong hypothesis for this assignment, your predictions just needed to be supported by the research covered in your introduction – if your hypotheses don’t match the below results, that’s ok, just explain how they differ in the discussion section.

• Hypothesis 1: This should have predicted the strength and direction of the relationship between depressive symptoms and prosocial behaviours.
• Hypothesis 2: This should have predicted the strength and direction of the relationship between anxiety symptoms and prosocial behaviours.
• Hypothesis 3: This should have predicted the strength and direction of the relationship between stress symptoms and prosocial behaviours.

See the Lab Report Instructions Booklet (Content – Assessments – Lab Report Resources) on CloudDeakin for more details about the hypotheses.

To test these hypotheses (and to answer our research question), we conducted three correlational analyses to see if there were any relationships between our variable combinations. The interpretation of these tests are explained in the Results (correlations) Video on CloudDeakin. You will practice interpreting correlations in the Week 6 seminar. If you miss it, we strongly encourage you to watch the recording.

Template for Results section

Below, we have provided you with a template results section so that you can see how such a thing should be set out. Copy this or cut and paste it to set out your results section. There are a few key things to do in the template:

• you will need to introduce the reader to your results section. State which analysis was performed, and describe the data using information from table 1. Hint, you should not repeat any statistics that are included in a table, any information in text needs to be a description. Consider what the numbers are telling us about the sample, are the mean scores high or low compared to the potential scores on the item?
• indicate if each correlation was statistically significant, then only include a sentence for each significant result. Non-significant results should be summarised at the end of the section.
• state whether the relationships are positive or negative (direction)
• decide if the relationship is weak, moderate, or strong (strength) – < 0.30 = weak; 0.30 – 0.50 = moderate; > 0.50 = strong
• you will also need to fill in the dotted lines appropriately with the corresponding r statistic and p-value, both rounded to 2 decimal places
• calculate the shared variance for the significant results, rounded to the nearest whole number

Here are the statistics you’ll need to use to fill in the below sections.

Correlation Table (use these numbers to fill in the blanks for r and p on the template)

Hopefully these results have piqued your interest!

Now to complete your results section, you need to:

• Watch the Results (correlations) Video, which takes you through hypothesis testing, what a correlational analysis is all about, and how to interpret a p value;
• Attend (or watch) the Week 6 seminar as we will practice how to interpret correlations;
• Look at the result of each of the Pearson’s r (correlation) and its p value provided above and decide:
  1. Which dotted line each correlational statistic should be placed in the template (i.e., r = .12, p =.30)
  2. If we found a positive or negative relationship (direction), and whether this relationship was weak, moderate, or strong (strength)
  3. If we found a statistically significant relationship between each variable
• Delete out the left over statements – remember to only report in text those results that were significant.
• You’ll then need to calculate the shared variance for the significant results, and round it to the nearest whole number.
• Correct the minor APA formatting errors using Burton
• Copy and paste from the ‘Results’ heading to the end of this document into the results section of your lab report;

The template starts immediately below. The above information is not included in the template. However, please see the bullet points (in red) above to ensure you have included everything. Please make sure you correct the APA errors.

Results

Table 1 below shows ____*** provide a brief written description of what the numbers in the table below tell us about the data ***______________

Table 1. Descriptive statistics

To assess if there was a relationship between variables, three _______________ analyses were completed. A significant positive/negative and weak/moderate/strong relationship between prosocial behaviours and depression symptoms was found, r = …, p …, representing ….% shared variance between the variables. A significant positive/negative and weak/moderate/strong relationship between prosocial behaviours and stress symptoms was found, r = …, p …, representing ….% shared variance between the variables. A significant positive/negative and weak/moderate/strong relationship between prosocial behaviours and anxiety symptoms was found, r = …, p …, representing ….% shared variance between the variables. No significant relationships were found between ……………………………….

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